WASHINGTON, D.C. — The Council for Responsible Nutrition (CRN) has released an updated scientific assessment reaffirming the safety of creatine monohydrate, drawing on decades of clinical research as interest in the supplement expands beyond sports nutrition.
The review, published as part of the fourth edition of Vitamin and Mineral Safety, evaluated 162 clinical studies and found no serious adverse events attributed to creatine monohydrate supplementation. The findings support increasing the highest observed intake (HOI) for supplemental creatine monohydrate in adults from 5 grams to 10 grams per day.
The HOI represents the highest intake supported by studies of acceptable quality when no adverse health effects have been identified. It does not necessarily constitute a recommended daily dose.
The updated assessment builds on CRN’s previous evaluation from 2006, incorporating two decades of additional clinical evidence. The findings come as creatine attracts growing interest for potential applications in healthy aging, women’s health and cognitive function, expanding its relevance beyond traditional sports nutrition.
“The science is clear: creatine has a strong safety record backed by decades of rigorous clinical research,” said Andrea Wong, senior vice president and chief science officer at CRN. “The latest findings reinforce its strong safety record and demonstrate just how far the science has advanced, providing a solid foundation for evaluating creatine safety as its use expands beyond sports nutrition.”
The review also reflects CRN’s efforts to broaden its scientific safety evaluations beyond essential vitamins and minerals to include bioactive compounds commonly used in dietary supplements.
“This new chapter reflects our commitment to keeping supplement safety evaluations current with the latest science,” Wong said. “As consumer interest in ingredients like creatine grows, it is important that safety recommendations are based on rigorous scientific evidence.”
The assessment was funded through a grant from the CRN Foundation, the association’s educational, research and philanthropic arm.
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